How can I write a generic macro to swap two values?
There is no good answer to this question. If the values are integers, a well-known trick using exclusive-OR could perhaps be used, but it will not work for floating-point values or pointers, or if the two values are the same variable (and the ``obvious'' supercompressed implementation for integral types a^=b^=a^=b is illegal due to multiple side-effects; see question 3.2). If the macro is intended to be used on values of arbitrary type (the usual goal), it cannot use a temporary, since it does not know what type of temporary it needs (and would have a hard time naming it if it did), and standard C does not provide a typeof operator.
The best all-around solution is probably to forget about using a macro, unless you're willing to pass in the type as a third argument.
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This page by Steve Summit // Copyright 1995 // mail feedback